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International Day of Biological Diversity

International Day of Biological Diversity was proclaimed by the UN General Assembly in 1995. Starting in 2001, it is Celebrated annually on May 22.

Currently, when there is active development and plowing of virgin lands, leading to a reduction in the number of plant and animal species, the conservation of territories to maintain sustainable biological diversity is a priority at all administrative levels.

One of the areas of work of the Sholokhov Museum-Reserve is the conservation of biological diversity in the territory of the Zone of Protected Natural Landscape and its comprehensive study.

The nature of these places is rich and diverse. There are sections of virgin steppes, ponds, sand massifs, floodplain meadows and Cretaceous outcrops. Despite the fact that the Rostov region is located in the steppe zone, the proportion of forest vegetation in the territory of the Sholokhov Museum-Reserve is quite high and accounts for 39%; while the Sholokhov district - only 12.5%, and the average in the Rostov region - only 2.4%.

Flora and fauna of the Zone of the protected natural landscape is saturated with rare and endemic species, many of which are listed in the international, federal and regional Red Books.

Natural objects on the territory of the Sholokhov Museum-Reserve are quite well studied. The collection of scientific articles “Flora, Fauna and Mycobiota of the National Sholokhov Museum-Reserve" provides a preliminary list of more than 4650 species of plants, mushrooms, animals.

242 species from the Red Book of the Rostov Region have been identified (plants: Cossack juniper, yellow capsule, narrow-leaved Ivan tea, spread cloves; animals: eared hedgehog, river beaver, white stork, gray crane; mushrooms: white raincoat, chestnut gyropora, etc.), 67 are from the federal Red Book (plants: Don gorse, Don astragalus, Gesner tulip, fine-leaved peony, beautiful feather; animals: steppe eagle, bustard, black stork, Russian desman, dressing, stag beetle, etc.). These and many other species of plants, animals, and mushrooms need to be studied and protected. Employees of the Sholokhov Museum-Reserve conduct continuous monitoring of living organisms in the territory under their jurisdiction and monitor the state of the memorial landscape as a whole.

Evgenia Gudzenko